Analytics (PostHog)

CONA uses PostHog for product analytics and user behavior tracking. This guide explains how our PostHog integration works, including user identification, event tracking, and best practices.

Overview

PostHog provides both client-side and server-side analytics tracking, allowing us to understand user behavior across the entire application. Our implementation is designed around CONA’s multi-tenant architecture using the actor/user system.

Integration Architecture

Client-Side Integration

The PostHog client is initialized in the PostHogProvider component:

// apps/webapp/app/providers/post-hog-provider.tsx
export function PostHogProvider({ children }: { children: React.ReactNode }) {
  const { user, isLoading: isUserLoading } = useUser();
  const { actorId, organizationId, organizationName, isLoading: isAuthLoading } = useAuth();

  useEffect(() => {
    posthog.init(process.env.NEXT_PUBLIC_POSTHOG_KEY!, {
      api_host: process.env.NEXT_PUBLIC_POSTHOG_HOST,
      capture_pageview: false, // Manual pageview capture
      capture_pageleave: true,
    });
  }, []);
  
  // User identification logic...
}

Server-Side Integration

Server-side tracking uses the PostHog Node.js client:

// apps/webapp/app/lib/services/posthog.ts
import { PostHog } from "posthog-node";

export default function PostHogClient() {
  const posthogClient = new PostHog(process.env.NEXT_PUBLIC_POSTHOG_KEY!, {
    host: process.env.NEXT_PUBLIC_POSTHOG_HOST!,
    flushAt: 1,
    flushInterval: 0,
  });
  return posthogClient;
}

Note: The server-side PostHog client has different API signatures than the client-side version:

// Client-side API
posthog.identify(userId, { email: "..." });

// Server-side API  
posthog.identify({
  distinctId: userId,
  properties: { email: "..." }
});

Helper Functions

PostHog Tracking Helper

We provide a reusable helper function for consistent event tracking:

// apps/webapp/app/lib/utils/posthog-tracking.ts
import { trackEventWithAuth } from "@/app/lib/utils/posthog-tracking";

// Simple usage with auth context
await trackEventWithAuth(
  userId,
  organizationId,
  organizationName,
  "event_name",
  {
    custom_property: "value",
    // ... other properties
  }
);

// Advanced usage with options
await trackEvent({
  userId,
  eventName: "event_name",
  properties: { custom_property: "value" },
  organizationId,
  organizationName,
  skipIdentification: false, // Set to true if user was recently identified
});

Benefits of using the helper:

Automatic user identification with proper fallback logic
Consistent organization context
Error handling that doesn’t break main operations
TypeScript support for better development experience

User Identification System

Migration from actorId to userId (Feb 2026)

Important: We previously used actorId (organization-scoped) as the distinct ID, which created duplicate users in PostHog when the same person belonged to multiple organizations. We have now migrated to using userId (global, stable identifier) as the distinct ID. What changed:

✅ Distinct ID changed from actorId to userId
✅ Added PostHog groups for organization-level tracking
✅ Created migration script to alias existing duplicates
✅ All tracking code updated to use userId

If you need to run the migration:

# Run with your environment
pnpm dlx dotenv-cli -e .env.local -- node scripts/posthog-alias-duplicate-users.mjs

Why We Use User IDs

CONA uses a multi-tenant architecture where:

Users represent the actual person/account (global identity)
Actors represent the user’s identity within a specific organization

For PostHog analytics, we use the userId as the distinct ID, not the actorId. This ensures:

✅ The same person is tracked consistently across all organizations
✅ No duplicate user entries when switching organizations
✅ Accurate cross-organization user journey tracking
✅ Organization-level analytics via PostHog groups

Identification Flow

Authentication: User logs in via Auth0
Context Loading: App loads user context (userId, organizationId, organizationName)
PostHog Identification: When both user and organization context are available, PostHog:
- Identifies the user with userId as distinct ID
- Associates the user with their organization via groups
Event Tracking: All events are tracked using the same userId and organization group

// Client-side identification
posthog.identify(userId, {
  email: user.email,
  name: user.name || user.email,
});

// Set organization as a group
posthog.group("organization", organizationId, {
  name: organizationName,
  slug: organizationSlug,
});

User Properties

Each identified user has the following properties:

Property	Source	Description
Distinct ID	`userId`	Unique identifier for the person (global, stable)
Email	Auth0 user profile	User’s email address
Name	Auth0 user profile	User’s display name

Organization Tracking via Groups

Organization-level data is tracked using PostHog groups:

Property	Type	Description
Group Type	`organization`	Fixed group type for all organizations
Group Key	`organizationId`	Unique identifier for the organization
Group Name	`organizationName`	Display name for the organization
Group Slug	`organizationSlug`	URL-friendly organization identifier

This allows you to:

Filter events by organization
Track organization-level metrics
Understand which organizations are most active
Analyze feature adoption per organization
Query by organization slug for URL-based filtering

Currently Tracked Events

Organization Management

✅ organization_onboarding_completed - When organization setup is complete

App Store & Installation

✅ app_installed - When an app is installed from the app store (one-time event)

Integration Management (Business Logic)

✅ integration_created - When a new integration is created and configured
✅ integration_activated - When an integration is turned on (the important toggle)
✅ integration_deactivated - When an integration is turned off (the important toggle)
✅ integration_deleted - When an integration is completely removed

Event Separation Logic

We separate App Store events (installation) from Integration events (business usage):

App Installation: One-time event when installing from app store
Integration Usage: Ongoing business events when users actually use/configure the integration

This prevents double-tracking and focuses on the events that matter for business analytics.

Automatic Events

Pageviews: Manually captured with full URL including search params
Page Leave: Automatically captured when users navigate away

Event Tracking Examples

Custom Events

Server actions can track custom events using the helper function:

// Example from app installation
await trackEventWithAuth(
  userId,
  organizationId,
  organizationName,
  "app_installed",
  {
    app_id,
    app_name: installation.app?.name || "Unknown App",
    app_slug: installation.app?.slug || "unknown",
    app_type: installation.app?.app_type || "UNKNOWN",
    initial_status: status,
    has_config: !!config,
    config_keys: config ? Object.keys(config) : [],
  }
);

Event Properties

Always include these properties for consistency:

organization_id: For organization-specific analysis
organization_name: Human-readable organization identifier
Context-specific data relevant to the event

Best Practices

1. Use the Helper Function

Always use trackEventWithAuth or trackEvent instead of calling PostHog directly:

// ✅ Correct - uses helper with consistent identification
await trackEventWithAuth(userId, organizationId, organizationName, "event_name", properties);

// ❌ Incorrect - manual PostHog calls lack consistency
const posthog = PostHogClient();
posthog.capture({ distinctId: userId, event: "event_name" });

2. Include Organization Context

Always include organization information in events:

// ✅ Good - includes organization context via helper
await trackEventWithAuth(
  userId,
  organizationId,
  organizationName,
  "document_created",
  {
    document_type: "invoice",
    // ... other properties
  }
);

3. Event Naming Convention

Use consistent event naming:

Use snake_case for event names
Include the action and object: document_created, user_invited, payment_processed
Be specific but not overly verbose

4. Property Naming

Use snake_case for property names
Include units in property names: amount_cents, duration_seconds
Use consistent property names across similar events

5. Error Handling

The helper functions include error handling that won’t break your main operations:

// Tracking errors are logged but don't throw exceptions
await trackEventWithAuth(userId, organizationId, organizationName, "event_name", properties);
// Main operation continues even if tracking fails

Privacy and Compliance

Data Collection

Only collect necessary data for product improvement
Respect user privacy settings
Follow GDPR and other applicable regulations

Personal Data

Email addresses are collected for user identification
No sensitive business data should be sent to PostHog
Use hashed or anonymized identifiers when possible

Troubleshooting

Common Issues

Events not appearing: Check that userId is available before sending events
Duplicate users: Ensure consistent use of userId across client and server (this was fixed in the migration from actorId)
Missing organization context: Verify that organizationId is included in event properties
Events without user information: This happens when server-side events are fired before client-side identification. Always call posthog.identify() in server actions before posthog.capture()

Timing Issues

Problem: Server-side events fired during onboarding or user creation might not have proper user identification. Solution: Always identify users server-side before capturing events:

// ❌ Problem - event might be orphaned
posthog.capture({
  distinctId: userId,
  event: "organization_onboarding_completed",
  // ... properties
});

// ✅ Solution - use helper function which handles identification
await trackEventWithAuth(userId, organizationId, organizationName, "organization_onboarding_completed", properties);

Adding New Event Tracking

1. Use the Helper Function

import { trackEventWithAuth } from "@/app/lib/utils/posthog-tracking";

// In your server action
export async function yourAction() {
  try {
    const { organizationId, organizationName, userId } = await requireAuth();
    
    // Your business logic here
    const result = await someBusinessOperation();
    
    // Track the event
    await trackEventWithAuth(
      userId,
      organizationId,
      organizationName,
      "your_event_name",
      {
        // Event-specific properties
        property_name: "value",
        has_something: !!result.something,
        count: result.items.length,
      }
    );
    
    return { success: true, data: result };
  } catch (error) {
    // Handle error...
  }
}

2. Event Naming Guidelines

Use descriptive, consistent names
Follow the pattern: {object}_{action} (e.g., document_created, integration_activated)
Use snake_case for all event names and properties

3. Property Guidelines

Include relevant context (IDs, names, counts, boolean flags)
Use consistent property naming across similar events
Include organization context (handled automatically by helper)
Add timestamps when relevant (handled automatically by helper)

​Analytics (PostHog)

​Overview

​Integration Architecture

​Client-Side Integration

​Server-Side Integration

​Helper Functions

​PostHog Tracking Helper

​User Identification System

​Migration from actorId to userId (Feb 2026)

​Why We Use User IDs

​Identification Flow

​User Properties

​Organization Tracking via Groups

​Currently Tracked Events

​Organization Management

​App Store & Installation

​Integration Management (Business Logic)

​Event Separation Logic

​Automatic Events

​Event Tracking Examples

​Custom Events

​Event Properties

​Best Practices

​1. Use the Helper Function

​2. Include Organization Context

​3. Event Naming Convention

​4. Property Naming

​5. Error Handling

​Privacy and Compliance

​Data Collection

​Personal Data

​Troubleshooting

​Common Issues

​Timing Issues

​Adding New Event Tracking

​1. Use the Helper Function

​2. Event Naming Guidelines

​3. Property Guidelines

Analytics (PostHog)

Overview

Integration Architecture

Client-Side Integration

Server-Side Integration

Helper Functions

PostHog Tracking Helper

User Identification System

Migration from actorId to userId (Feb 2026)

Why We Use User IDs

Identification Flow

User Properties

Organization Tracking via Groups

Currently Tracked Events

Organization Management

App Store & Installation

Integration Management (Business Logic)

Event Separation Logic

Automatic Events

Event Tracking Examples

Custom Events

Event Properties

Best Practices

1. Use the Helper Function

2. Include Organization Context

3. Event Naming Convention

4. Property Naming

5. Error Handling

Privacy and Compliance

Data Collection

Personal Data

Troubleshooting

Common Issues

Timing Issues

Adding New Event Tracking

1. Use the Helper Function

2. Event Naming Guidelines

3. Property Guidelines